Internal-combustion motor.



w. R. GORHAM. I INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1. 19 16 1,291,839. Patented 3311.21, 1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET I.

HIHIIIHHIIIHI W I TNE SSES: 1N VEN TOR.

A TTORNE Y.

W. R. GORHAM. HJTERN'ALIEOMBUSTXON MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2" 1915 3 $HEETS-$HEET 2- INVENTOR.

A TTORNE Y.

W. R. GORHAM.

INTERNAL comausnou moron,

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 1. I9l8 j 1 839, Patented Jan. 21,1919.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3- INVENTOR.

A TTORNE Y.

til

mo -a i trus ""1 t {'l w ii ll -tl. an 3 ILItZIAlYt B.

Application filed a eu :n of the ll nited States, residing in the. y ofAlameda, county of Alameda, State ol tfalil ornia, luivo made a new anduseful. lllYPIlllUlllh wit, Internalllmuhuslion Motors; by deelare thefollowing to he s, and enzael. description of the same.

.is invention relates more particularly to the luhrieating system ofinternal eomhustion motors designed partieularly for use in aerimlunes.and includes the novel construe- -tiouj 'gement and combination of partsfor the t. ihution, circulating and cooling of tie lubricating medium111 said motors.

on improvement in and. 1 do herea lull, clear,

lln t ieeil'ieation end the annexed till'ltElllli}, lllllbllltltu theinvention in the {form that. consider the host, but it is to hemnierstootl ti" gi 1 do not limit myselil to this form. one, he saidinvention may he enr hodied in other forms, and it is also to heLnulerutoodthot in 1nd. hy the elaims following' the deswption i desireto cover the mvolition in 'wluilsivver form it may no emhodied.

to. the aeeounmnying two sheets ot drawlllffkl 1:

nu'e 'i is u side elevation of an internal .on motor otmstrueted inaccordance invention, shown partially in fragu'ientary erissSQK'ZtlOn-SU better to disclose portions ot the internal mechanism.

'l' ig. is a side elevation 01 the oil pan. or ruervoir adapted to helocated under the to of the motor. n 1:, is :1 cross section of the sameon the U. Fin. 2.

a vertilal eross seolionol' the eomeeniiriifunal water eireulating: pumpcooling system and the gear pressure p in? the oil circulating system.

5 is a vertical eross section of the oil i 1/ taken on the line VV Fig.4-. illustrating; the. inlet and outlet ports eored m,tho

oil pinup easing.

Fig. 6 is :1 transverse section of a eranlc shall hearing]; eonstruetedand lubricated in nootndanro with this invention, the oil pump heingdingrauunalieally associated therewill i Fig. l is a longitudinalsoot-ion of the same; the shaft being shown in full lines.

Fig. t; av fragmentary detail similar to Fig". it ill ust-ratiiur amodified form of applying luhricn'nt to the hearing in accordance withthis invention.

GORHAJVI, OF ALAMEDA,

Specification of Letters Eatent.

CALI'EQll-NIIL.

Patented Jinn. El, 1919.

June 7, 1916. Serial No. 1013.300

In detail the construction illustrated in the drawings includes thecrank ease designated in its entirely by the numeral 1, having theerankshalt 2 joiu'naltul therein in suitahle hearings. The cylinders 3, sixin mamber are bolted to the crank case and have the pistons lreeiprtuzaiahle therein and eonneeled to the crank sha'i't by the(:inmeetr ing rods 5 In the usual manner. The cylinders are providedwith inlet and valves common to the tour cycle. type of internalcombustion motors. These valves are operated by the roelrer arms ll.These arms are artunled hy the rams on the rum shaft. 7 journaled insuitable hearingsmounted over the rylimlers. 'lhis oam shaft is drivensynelu-onously with the crank shalt by the {rear 3 iixed thereon andenmeshed with the piuions t) on the vertical shaft 10, having a pinionll on the opposite, end tlua'eo! eumeshing-wilh the driving]; gear 1:2fixed on the crank shaft to time the, opening and elosing of the valvessyneln-mui'usly with the reeiproeation. of their irmmeetive pistons.

'lhe motor equipped with fuel distribution maniiolds l3 hetween theearlmreter H and the cylinders; with ignition means driven from thecrank shall, and also with a water circulation pump having its rotorlived on the shell 30. geared to the'erank shaft, as desrrihed. andadapted to circulate a cooling medium ahoul the various oylinders in theusual manner. Certain novel teatures in the design and eonstrmttion oithe motor disclosed herein and not germain lo the lulu'ieatiup; systemwill he covered in separate applirations l'or patent.

The oil eirrulating: system inrludes the oil tank or reservoir ill,fixed henealh the. (Tank ease l h an oil tight llange oonmiotion as v21.. llerause of the lrietional heat ahsorhed hy the l ll l'ltiillllgmedium. the reservoir is des. 11':u-d and eonslrueled to present themaximum amount of rmlialiui! surface eonsislenl with the neressauv oil(apaeity. This is aeeomplished as host illus-' outlet '25 (form In:nif'old 3T, OXWIHURH' Eng urtizm in N20 Wind E c mum-Is vfi'vvi n'iwy(-003 2; The hzbrin-nnt pumpm voir at H20 lmwm'msi point h1g1 \i'ii h1h? 1 2T commlmimti: 1' n2 circulating p 5} type as illusimtc gvnr 2!)of the 1m 30, ,suitably joux'n'x "having the, sgezxiv mesh d with Lin:3;: Tl T1 tntion 0" f' in Hie Mk3 gear P suitably jam 'naiml i1 the pumpPassing 3 Th0 action 0f such imps i5 suiiivbuni'b' w ,1 known to rendmkehzriwti x-a nnrmwsrx Tlm hlbz'ieauzt 'nrcaszbz M5 flaeman, .21150 thebrash); 51 v3. propel ecnce-nhicitjjv .ng supporting the sh; t

" *1 under minim-12,?

i A the passage 23S preiiwabiy mm! n time n mi 'rsml shims 5? proviiiefor tak ms; and mdmatod in 6mm in" n: 9 511 0'? izhe Warn 1 the suai and00mmunimiiug: wim H0 The um-5s: I from Hm the mum Y; is mmcummn'uicnting Wit? a the 0 ."wrv 1 which the crank 9 h; 1U

a suppi -IE wax ingg' ks: 4-4 x {1! 2: 255 formed immiwiy m1 Hm walls 054 aoove 6U 3120 mi? 20,- The server, 45 is intended to km} inicfijng;mriivlvs ('5 (urban or niastz'm'tim m-h like hear from entering: HMhfln'ic'zm' (rirzruiai'ingg 3 aJQ'QOn' mm P" 4 nm puma? me:

:s are Eu'inimtvd by the zbrimtiun mm forced into the bearing underpressures varying with the load upon the -bearings. For example, say theload upon given bearing is 100 pounds, the oil is pumped in at apressure sufiicient to lift this weight and float the shaft and its loadby the volume of oil pumped into the bearings, the

pressure being proportioned to the supercial area of the bearings. It isobvious that as the bearing wears, the leakage of 011 will be greater,particularly at the ends oi,

the bearing and it will therefore be necessary to supplya greater volumeor a higher pressure to the Q11 entering the bearm to maintain theproper support for the s aft therein. This-type of In rication isparticularly valuable in internal combustion motors, more-particularlyin such motors used in aeroplanes,ji'n which the constant change ofinclination tends -'to throw the strain on different parts ofthebearings rendering any type of gravity lubricated bearingsimpract1cal.-.' In Fi .8 a slightly modified form of bearing is i!ustrated, inwhich the groove 63 is substituted-by the hole 63' drilledinto the blocks 52 and closedbythe plu 63".

The cam shaft mechanism is supp ied with lubricant through the verticaltube 66 communicating "with the manifold 37 at the point 67 between eachset of cylinders. The oil forced through the tube 66 is discharged intothe main bearin s 67 in which the hollow cam shaft 7 is ournaled. Fromthe. oil grooves in the bearings 67 the surplus oil passes through theby-passe's 69 in the cam shaft to the hollow center thereof from whichit escapes through theby-pass'es 70 in the cam shaft at each cam. Theoil flowing through the lay-passes 70 is thrown against-- the rollers 71on the rocker arms that operate the valves of the respective cylinders,the escaping oil being splashed into the chamber 72, sealed bythe-covers 7 3 held in place by the knurled nuts 74, the surplus oildraining back mto the wells 68-68 beneath the cams which splash intoitin their rotation beneath the rocker arm, insuring a thoroughdistribution of oil through the inolosing chamber 72. The oil in thewells 68 drains back through the tube 75 surrounding the supply tube 66,into the crank case and then back into the oil reservoir' 20, andthrough the circulating system described. These return tubes 75 arerepeated between each set of cylinders. The cam shaft 7 being hollowthroughout its length and closed at each end, insures a thoroughdistribution throughout the cam operating system from end to end of-themotor irrespective of its inclination. This condition is likewisemaintained through the hollow crank shaft and the rest of the force feedlubricating system described, fully meeting the adverse conditions metwith particularly in aeroplane flight, the motive power of which thismotor is particularly designed to supply.

Particular value is attached to the combination of the water circulatingand the oil circulating pumps disclosed herein. The combination of thesetwo elements results in a great saving of space, reduction of opcratingparts, and general strength and simplicity. B the direct connection ofthese two circu ating means, their operation is' more directlysynchronized with the 0 erationpf the motor. In addition to t emechanlcal and economic advantages .de-

scribed, bringing the lubricating medium" into proximity with the coolinmedium passing through the pum .16, ten sto reduce the temperature ofthe ubrlcating through the pump 16 absorbin the. heat given oif by thelubricating passage through its circulating pump.

-Having thus described this invention, I claim: .1. In an internalcombustion motor, a bearing supporting'a shaft, such berarin bemedium.by reason of the thermo-conductivity-of the. combined pump casings, thewater passing ine ium in its ing composed of separable parts bolte to Igether; an oil' passage communicating with the space between one ofsaid-bolts and the surroundingbearing part and terminating in. saidbearing beneath said shaft; and

means for forcing oil under sustained ressure into said spacesurroundlng saidolt.

2. In an internal combustion motor, a

bearin supporting a shaft and composed of sepa'ra le parts boltedtogether; an oil paswith said "hole in the'crank case, and an oilgroov'e'in"'saicl "block communicating with said bearing; a plate engaging saidbolt be neath said block; and means for forcing oil into said manifold.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand at San Francisco;California, this 31st day of Ma 1916.

- WIL JAM R. GORHAM.

In presence of.

BALDWIN VALE, A. J. HmvnY.

Law

